6年第2期。④乾隆《祥符县志》卷一○《杂税》。⑤ 康熙《开封府志》卷九《城池》。⑥乾隆《祥符县志》卷
6 nian di 2 qi qian long xiang fu xian zhi juan yi za shui kang yi kai feng fu zhi juan jiu cheng chi qian long xiang fu xian zhi juan
”。②顺治《祥符县志》卷二《街巷》记明代事。③ 邓亦兵：《清前期开封城经济初探》，《史学月刊》198
shun zhi xiang fu xian zhi juan er jie xiang ji ming dai shi deng yi bing qing qian qi kai feng cheng jing ji chu tan shi xue yue kan 198
在开封粮食业中也占有重要地位(详见下节)。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿①《如梦录》“小市纪第八
zai kai feng liang shi ye zhong ye zhan you zhong yao di wei ( xiang jian xia jie ) ru meng lu xiao shi ji di ba
方向，北门没有粮食市。清代周王府邸荡然无存，开封东西南北四门及城中均设有粮食市场了。此外，朱仙镇米商
fang xiang bei men mei you liang shi shi qing dai zhou wang fu di dang ran wu cun kai feng dong xi nan bei si men ji cheng zhong jun she you liang shi shi chang le ci wai zhu xian zhen mi shang
城东，州桥在南门内之汴河上，京山府在西门内。明代周王府占据城区的北部，故粮食市场分布于东、西、南三个
cheng dong zhou qiao zai nan men nei zhi bian he shang jing shan fu zai xi men nei ming dai zhou wang fu zhan ju cheng qu de bei bu gu liang shi shi chang fen bu yu dong xi nan san ge
籴谷米曰坊子，旧在宋、曹二门、州桥及京山府前、柘城府前，今在东西南北四门及县前街。”⑥宋门、曹门均在
di gu mi yue fang zi jiu zai song cao er men zhou qiao ji jing shan fu qian zhe cheng fu qian jin zai dong xi nan bei si men ji xian qian jie song men cao men jun zai
粮食市场有四：“曰西门杂粮市、曰南门杂粮市、曰曹门杂粮市、曰北门杂粮市”；“居货”条下另外记有：“市
liang shi shi chang you si yue xi men za liang shi yue nan men za liang shi yue cao men za liang shi yue bei men za liang shi ju huo tiao xia ling wai ji you shi
也没有了巨额禄米发放，城市居民cctv5网上直播乃至文武官员所需粮食主要来自市场。《祥符县志》“市集”条记载该城主要的
ye mei you le ju e lu mi fa fang cheng shi ju min cctv5 wang shang zhi bo nai zhi wen wu guan yuan suo xu liang shi zhu yao lai zi shi chang xiang fu xian zhi shi ji tiao ji zai gai cheng zhu yao de
品比重的下降，民生日用品所占比重的上升。首先，粮食成为最重要的商品之一。清封人口中已没有了王公贵族，
pin bi zhong de xia jiang min sheng ri yong pin suo zhan bi zhong de shang sheng shou xian liang shi cheng wei zui zhong yao de shang pin zhi yi qing feng ren kou zhong yi mei you le wang gong gui zu
相当数量，但城市人口中已cctv5网上直播经没有了昔日数量庞大的王公贵族。人口结构的这一变化，反映在商业结构上就是奢侈
xiang dang shu liang dan cheng shi ren kou zhong yi cctv5 wang shang zhi bo jing mei you le xi ri shu liang pang da de wang gong gui zu ren kou jie gou de zhe yi bian hua fan ying zai shang ye jie gou shang jiu shi she chi
口、火神庙、寺角隅、鼓楼隅最盛”⑤。清代的开封仍是省、府、县三级衙署设置地，文武官员及各类学子仍保持
kou huo shen miao si jiao yu gu lou yu zui sheng qing dai de kai feng reng shi sheng fu xian san ji ya shu she zhi di wen wu guan yuan ji ge lei xue zi reng bao chi
两倍以上。不过此时的开封，远未恢复明代的繁华，“城中市廛辐辏处惟汴桥隅、大隅首、贡院前、关王庙、鱼市
liang bei yi shang bu guo ci shi de kai feng yuan wei hui fu ming dai de fan hua cheng zhong shi chan fu cou chu wei bian qiao yu da yu shou gong yuan qian guan wang miao yu shi
05两，府帖新增税银412．4317两；雍正五cctv5网上直播年又报出盈余银242．689两。④与康熙初年相比，增长
05 liang fu tie xin zeng shui yin 412 4317 liang yong zheng wu cctv5 wang shang zhi bo nian you bao chu ying yu yin 242 689 liang yu kang yi chu nian xiang bi zeng chang
帖银130．746两，县帖银165．3两，老税银8．265两。到康熙四十九年县帖新增税银521．43
tie yin 130 746 liang xian tie yin 165 3 liang lao shui yin 8 265 liang dao kang yi si shi jiu nian xian tie xin zeng shui yin 521 43
起色，这从商税收入的增长可得到证实。康熙元年祥符cctv5网上直播县额设牙帖289张，实征税银304．311两，其中府
qi se zhe cong shang shui shou ru de zeng chang ke de dao zheng shi kang yi yuan nian xiang fu cctv5 wang shang zhi bo xian e she ya tie 289 zhang shi zheng shui yin 304 311 liang qi zhong fu
没了周王府，还有徐府坑、包府坑、马府坑等，清封城的实际面积比明代小了许多。③康熙中叶开封城市商业渐有
mei le zhou wang fu hai you xu fu keng bao fu keng ma fu keng deng qing feng cheng de shi ji mian ji bi ming dai xiao le hu duo kang yi zhong ye kai feng cheng shi shang ye jian you
二十七年增修城楼角楼。清封城cctv5网上直播的修建仍依明代旧制，城周20里，但由于积水在城中形成多处水坑，如龙亭坑淹
er shi qi nian zeng xiu cheng lou jiao lou qing feng cheng cctv5 wang shang zhi bo de xiu jian reng yi ming dai jiu zhi cheng zhou 20 li dan you yu ji shui zai cheng zhong xing cheng duo chu shui keng ru long ting keng yan
星罗……自壬午河决沦陷，旧所有者百不存一，迩来官署民廛轫构未半”②。康熙元年巡抚张自德重修开封府城，
xing luo zi ren wu he jue lun xian jiu suo you zhe bai bu cun yi er lai guan shu min chan ren gou wei ban kang yi yuan nian xun fu zhang zi de zhong xiu kai feng fu cheng
明代繁华的街市荡然无存。清代的开封是在一片废墟上重建的。顺治《cctv5网上直播祥符县志》记载：明封之“坊街市巷，民居
ming dai fan hua de jie shi dang ran wu cun qing dai de kai feng shi zai yi pian fei xu shang zhong jian de shun zhi cctv5 wang shang zhi bo xiang fu xian zhi ji zai ming feng zhi fang jie shi xiang min ju
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biao qian wen shi dang an kai feng fa zhan er chong zhen shi wu nian li bai cheng wei gong kai feng tong zhi zhe jue kai huang he da di xiong yong de he shui tun mei kai feng cheng